Please fill out the attached table
Comparison Table on Types of Shock
| Hypovolemic | Cardiogenic | Neurogenic | Anaphylactic | Septic | |
| Pathophysiology |
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| Causes |
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| Signs/Symptoms
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| Nursing Diagnosis |
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| Interventions:
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| Patient Teaching
(for prevention)
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Comparison Table on Types of Shock
| Characteristic | Hypovolemic | Cardiogenic | Neurogenic | Anaphylactic | Septic |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pathophysiology | Insufficient blood volume due to loss of fluids (e.g., bleeding) | Inadequate cardiac function (e.g., heart attack) | Disruption of autonomic nervous system (e.g., spinal cord injury) | Severe allergic reaction causing widespread vasodilation | Systemic infection leading to a cascade of inflammatory responses |
| Causes | Hemorrhage, dehydration, trauma, surgery | Myocardial infarction, heart failure | Spinal cord injury, nerve damage | Allergic reactions to allergens (e.g., bee stings, food) | Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections |
| Signs/Symptoms | – Rapid weak pulse |
- Hypotension
- Rapid shallow breathing
- Cool, clammy skin | – Chest pain
- Shortness of breath
- Fatigue
- Cyanosis (bluish skin) | – Bradycardia (slow heart rate)
- Hypotension
- Loss of bladder/bowel control
- Poikilothermia (inability to regulate body temperature) | – Difficulty breathing
- Swelling of face and throat
- Hives
- Rapid pulse
- Hypotension | – Fever
- Increased heart rate
- Warm, flushed skin
- Altered mental status | | Nursing Diagnosis | – Deficient Fluid Volume
- Ineffective Tissue Perfusion | – Decreased Cardiac Output
- Impaired Gas Exchange | – Ineffective Tissue Perfusion
- Risk for Autonomic Dysreflexia | – Risk for Anaphylaxis
- Impaired Gas Exchange | – Risk for Infection
- Sepsis | | Interventions | – Administer intravenous fluids
- Monitor vital signs
- Control bleeding (if applicable) | – Administer medications (e.g., vasodilators, diuretics)
- Monitor ECG
- Oxygen therapy | – Maintain spinal precautions
- Monitor for autonomic dysreflexia
- Administer medications (e.g., vasopressors) | – Administer epinephrine
- Maintain airway
- Administer antihistamines and corticosteroids | – Administer antibiotics
- Monitor vital signs
- Source control (e.g., drainage of abscess) | | Patient Teaching | – Maintain hydration
- Recognize signs of bleeding
- Seek medical attention for severe injuries | – Medication management
- Recognize signs of worsening heart condition
- Follow dietary restrictions | – Prevent falls and injuries
- Maintain proper skin care
- Monitor for autonomic dysreflexia triggers | – Identify allergens and allergen avoidance
- Carry an epinephrine auto-injector
- Seek immediate medical help for severe allergic reactions | – Infection prevention (e.g., handwashing)
- Seek medical attention for signs of infection
- Follow prescribed antibiotics and treatment plans |