A 39-year-old male with a history of HIV, diagnosed 3 years ago, presents with persistent diarrhea for the past month. He reports watery, non-bloody stools occurring 6-8 times a day, along with abdominal cramping and fatigue. He is on antiretroviral therapy (ART) but admits to occasional nonadherence. His last CD4 count, two months ago, was […]
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A 45-year-old female from Southeast Asia presents with a chronic cough lasting 6 weeks, unintentional weight loss of 10 pounds, and intermittent night sweats. She denies hemoptysis but reports mild shortness of breath. She has a history of diabetes mellitus type 2 and lives in a household with multiple family members. She works as a
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A 28-year-old male presents to the clinic with complaints of fever, fatigue, and joint pain for the past week. He reports recent onset of a sore throat, but denies cough, shortness of breath, or chest pain. He has no significant medical history, does not smoke, and consumes alcohol socially. He recently returned from a camping
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A 70-year-old female presents with a 6-month history of irritability, mood swings, and emotional instability. She feels “up and down” for no apparent reason and has been increasingly frustrated with her family. She also reports feeling excessively fatigued and has been unable to concentrate on tasks. Her daughter reports that she has become more forgetful
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A 24-year-old male presents with a 2-month history of low mood, lack of interest in activities, and feelings of hopelessness. He reports fatigue, changes in appetite (loss of 10 pounds), and difficulty sleeping. He has withdrawn from his social circle and has been avoiding activities he previously enjoyed. He denies any substance use, though he
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A 48-year-old female presents with a 3-month history of excessive worry, difficulty concentrating, and persistent insomnia. She reports feeling “on edge” most days and has frequent muscle tension. She is unable to control her worry about work and personal issues, even though there is no clear threat. Her appetite has decreased, and she has lost
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A 67-year-old male presents with a persistent cough that has lasted for 4 months and occasional hemoptysis. He reports shortness of breath with exertion and a recent onset of chest pain described as dull and persistent. He denies fever, night sweats, or significant weight loss. His medical history includes COPD and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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A 34-year-old female presents with a painless lump in her right breast that she noticed 6 weeks ago. She denies any changes in the size of the lump, skin changes, or nipple discharge. Her last menstrual period was 2 weeks ago, and she notes no significant changes in the lump related to her menstrual cycle.
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A 52-year-old male presents with persistent fatigue, unexplained weight loss of 15 pounds over the past 3 months, and intermittent abdominal discomfort. He reports occasional changes in bowel habits, including periods of diarrhea followed by constipation. He denies any overt blood in his stool but notes that his stool has been dark at times. His
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A 30-year-old male reports noticing frothy urine and a 10-pound weight gain over the past three weeks. He has no significant medical history but mentions recently recovering from a sore throat two weeks ago. On examination, there is mild periorbital edema and a blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg. Questions Differential Diagnoses What are the potential
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