. Barriers (10 points/10%)
1. Detail a barrier to optimal nutritional value of meal plans
2. Detail a second barrier to optimal nutritional value of meal plans
3. Detail a third barrier to optimal nutritional value of meal plans
a. Barriers may include:
i. Geographic location
ii. Health of the population
iii. Culture of the population and surrounding community
iv. Socioeconomic challenges
v. Available food choices
vi. Other barriers, as identified
vii. Include reference citations to support key points, as needed
- Barrier: Geographic Location
Geographic location can significantly impact the optimal nutritional value of meal plans. Certain regions may lack access to fresh and diverse food options, especially in remote or food desert areas. This can lead to limited availability of fruits, vegetables, and other nutrient-dense foods, making it challenging for individuals in those areas to maintain a balanced and nutritious diet. A study by Drewnowski and Darmon (2005) found that the cost and availability of healthy foods can vary significantly based on the geographical location, resulting in disparities in dietary quality among populations.
Reference: Drewnowski, A., & Darmon, N. (2005). The economics of obesity: dietary energy density and energy cost. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 82(1 Suppl), 265S-273S.
- Barrier: Socioeconomic Challenges
Socioeconomic factors can pose significant barriers to achieving optimal nutritional value in meal plans. People from low-income backgrounds may struggle to afford nutritious foods, which are often more expensive than energy-dense but nutrient-poor options. As a result, they might resort to cheaper, processed, and less healthy foods, leading to inadequate nutrition and higher risk of chronic diseases. A study conducted by Giskes et al. (2010) demonstrated that low socioeconomic status is associated with lower consumption of fruits and vegetables and a higher intake of unhealthy foods.
Reference: Giskes, K., van Lenthe, F., Avendano-Pabon, M., Brug, J., & Mackenbach, J. (2010). A systematic review of environmental factors and obesogenic dietary intakes among adults: are we getting closer to understanding obesogenic environments? Obesity Reviews, 12(5), e95-e106.
- Barrier: Culture of the Population and Surrounding Community
Cultural factors play a significant role in shaping dietary habits and food choices within a population. Cultural preferences, traditions, and beliefs can impact the acceptability and accessibility of certain foods. In some cultures, traditional dishes may be high in unhealthy fats, sugars, or sodium, leading to suboptimal nutritional content in meal plans. Cultural norms can also influence portion sizes and the frequency of certain meals, affecting the overall nutritional balance of the diet. A study by Satia et al. (2009) highlighted the influence of cultural practices on dietary choices and health outcomes among different ethnic groups.
Reference: Satia, J. A., Galanko, J. A., & Siega-Riz, A. M. (2009). Eating at fast-food restaurants is associated with dietary intake, demographic, psychosocial and behavioural factors among African Americans in North Carolina. Public Health Nutrition, 12(6), 797-805.
These barriers underscore the importance of considering various factors such as geographical location, socioeconomic status, and cultural influences when designing effective and accessible meal plans that promote optimal nutritional value for diverse populations.