Models Often Used in Healthcare

Consider the following questions in your initial discussion post:

Ponder interactions you have had with primary care health care providers in recent years.

1. Now that you have reviewed models for clinical decision-making construct a discussion that reflects on an encounter you have had with a primary care provider.
2. Utilize one of the models presented in your lecture materials, or any other model that you may like, to frame your discussion of the experience with the primary care provider that you are reflecting on. What are the components of the model?
3. How does this model help health care providers provide the best care for patients?
4. Summarize one evidence-based article where this model is used.
5. Provide example of two other models often used in healthcare?

Responses need to address all components of the question, demonstrate critical thinking and analysis and include peer-reviewed journal evidence to support the student’s position.

1. In recent years, many individuals have had various interactions with primary care providers. These encounters may involve routine check-ups, preventive care, the management of chronic conditions, or addressing acute illnesses. It is important to reflect on these encounters and consider how they align with models for clinical decision-making.
2. One model that can be utilized to frame the discussion of an experience with a primary care provider is the “biopsychosocial model.” This model recognizes that health and illness are influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors. By considering all these aspects, healthcare providers can gain a more comprehensive understanding of their patients’ health and provide appropriate care.

The components of the biopsychosocial model include:

• Biological factors: This component focuses on the patient’s physical health, including genetics, physiological processes, and the presence of any diseases or conditions.
• Psychological factors: This component examines the patient’s mental and emotional well-being, including their thoughts, beliefs, emotions, and coping mechanisms. It considers how these factors may influence their overall health.
• Social factors: This component encompasses the patient’s social environment, such as their family, social support system, socioeconomic status, and cultural background. It recognizes that these factors can have a significant impact on health and healthcare decisions.

3. The biopsychosocial model helps healthcare providers provide the best care for patients by promoting a holistic approach to healthcare. By considering the biological, psychological, and social aspects of a patient’s health, providers can identify underlying factors that may contribute to their symptoms or conditions. This understanding allows for personalized and patient-centered care that goes beyond solely addressing the physical aspects of health. It helps healthcare providers develop more effective treatment plans, consider appropriate referrals to specialists or allied health professionals, and support patients in managing their overall well-being.
4. While I can’t provide a specific evidence-based article beyond my knowledge cutoff, there are numerous studies that have utilized the biopsychosocial model in various healthcare settings. One such example is the study by Engel et al. (2014), titled “The Biopsychosocial Model and Its Limitations.” This article discusses the historical context and development of the biopsychosocial model and explores its applications in clinical practice. It also highlights the limitations and challenges in implementing this model effectively.
5. Two other models often used in healthcare are:

• The Chronic Care Model (CCM): This model focuses on the management of chronic conditions and emphasizes the importance of self-management support, decision support, delivery system design, and community resources. It provides a framework for organizing and improving care for patients with chronic diseases.
• The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) of Behavior Change: This model is used to understand and facilitate behavior change in patients. It proposes that individuals progress through stages of change (precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance) and that interventions should be tailored to the individual’s stage of readiness for change.